“But Apple suffered for several years from lousy engineering management. And there were people that were going off in 18 different directions - doing arguably interesting things in each one of them. Good engineers. Lousy management. And what happened was, you look at the farm that’s been created, with all these different animals going in different directions, and it doesn’t add up. The total is less than the sum of the parts. And so, we had to decide: What are the fundamental directions we’re going in? And what makes sense and what doesn’t? And there were a bunch of things that didn’t. And microcosmically they might have made sense; macrocosmically they made no sense. You know the hardest thing is …When you think about focusing, you think, well, focusing is about saying yes. No! [And] you’ve got to say No, No, No … and you say no [and] you piss off people […] You want to be nice […] The result of that focus is gonna be some really great products where the sum is much greater than the sum of the parts […] Focusing is about saying no.”